Best Python Web Frameworks In 2018
Python language is a highly flexible
programming language and valuable for those who want their web app get up and
run quickly. Python comes with a number of robust web frameworks to accelerate
the development and prototyping process even more. Many developers use these
frameworks in order to handle the details of implementation.
Various popular Python web frameworks are out
there that include ultralight-weight micro frameworks mainly optimized for
building small and specialized tools and robust full-stack options designed for
enterprise-level applications.
In this blog, we will explore some of the
major Python web development frameworks
and their advantages and idiosyncrasies to help businesses in 2018.
Microframework
v/s Full-Stack
One should consider the size and the
complexity of the project while choosing a web framework. A microframework
framework is required if you are working on a small and relatively simple
project with low requirements. But if you are trying to obtain a feature-rich
web app which can integrate with the rest of your companies' systems, then the
full-stack option is a good choice that will save lots of time as well as
efforts.
Now the question arises "How much
scaffolding you require from a web framework?". A full stack option should
have almost everything you need to actually build a working web application,
template generators, templates, access control lists, etc. so that your team
can assemble the parts as needed.
This is an attractive option for teams that
try to put together a product quickly because it allows them to concentrate on
the construction of the application and not on the things that surround it. But
if you have complex custom requirements or are already working with a lot of
custom software, you may not be able to take advantage of all those libraries
in the first place.
Microframeworks
--------------------
To avoid the hand-holding and complexity of
full-stack frameworks, microframeworks came up. In fact, many modern web apps
require lots of moving parts that include form validation, database
abstraction, and customized access control lists. But there are many web apps
present which don't require any of that. For this kind of projects, a
microframework is all that is what needed.
Microframeworks are ultra-lightweight
frameworks typically designed to make dead simple web apps up and run quickly.
Its feature sets are minimal by design: any functionality you can get by installing
another library is deliberately omitted.
The positive side of this minimalist approach
is that your code can be cleaner and your website faster. This is, at least in
part, because microframeworks are generally less abstract than full frameworks.
The code you type will be much closer to real HTTP functions than with a more
user-friendly framework.
1)
Bottle
It is one of the most popular micro frameworks
for Python typically designed for creating web APIs and that’s still a good use
case for it. This framework tries to implement everything in one single file
which actually gives you an idea of how “micro” it’s designed to be. It comes
with templating, routing, utilities, and some basic abstraction over the WSGI
standard.
However, Flask is the one with which you will
be coding much closer to the metal than with a full-stack framework. Ignoring
its small size, Bottle is used by the Netflix team to build interactive web
interfaces.
2)
Flask
It is another most popular micro framework for
Python language. Similarly, it is also designed to get web apps up and run
quickly. Various big companies like Pinterest, LinkedIn use this. It is most
suited for smaller and simple projects. You can also expect built-in unit
testing, development web server, and support for Google App Engine.
However, there is no form validation,
authentication, database abstraction layer or upload handling. But these
features can be added by using extensions.
Moreover, it is more pythonic and mostly
sticks to the Python. It is a good option if you value clean code and don’t
mind coding closer to the metal.
Full-stack
frameworks
-----------------------
A wide variety of full-stack options out there
that include Web2py, TurboGears 2, Pylons. But the most popular is Django.
1)
Web2py
It does not support Python 3. Despite its
latest version, it is widely used by many major organizations, including a
number of international banks. Moreover, it is much easy than Django, extremely
portable and more flexible. The same code can run on any VPS with MongoDB or
SQL database whether Google App Engine or AWS.
Web2py is extremely compatible with the
documentation of a book and a passionate community behind it. Another
interesting feature is that Web2py comes with its own IDE that includes a code
editor, debugger, error ticket system, one-click implementation and more. If
your organization is committed to Python 2 for the foreseeable future or if you
plan to use some older Python libraries and software, Web2py could meet your
needs.
2)
Django
It is the most popular Python framework and
easy to understand. From daily newspapers sites to social media and sharing
sites, thousands of websites are currently using Django. In order to scale
quickly, various startups like Disqus, Eventbrite have switched to this. On the
other hand, social media giants like Pinterest, Instagram using it to power
their dynamic web apps.
Django is known for being quick to build and
friendly for beginning programmers. It is a "battery included"
framework, which means that it provides all the critical components you need:
template rendering, ORM, authentication, routing, etc. It is also very well
documented, which is not necessarily the case with some other popular
frameworks. You can even use SQLAlchemy with Django. It can speed up the time
it takes to bootstrap a new project.
3)
Pyramid
It is considered as the “Goldilocks” framework
which is feature-rich and lightweight. Due to its transparency and modularity,
it is used by small teams and various tech giants like SurveyMonkey, Dropbox,
Yelp, and Mozilla.
Pyramid components can be interchanged. You
can choose how to connect to a database, or even what type (or types) of
databases you want to be able to connect to. It does not apply certain options
for you in the way that Django does, and also discourages the kind of
"magic" features that handle certain tasks automatically, but that
does not always behave in a predictable or desirable way.
It is often known for its security system
through which you can check access control lists. Pyramid’s Traversal system is
useful for mapping URLs to code that makes the easy building of Restful APIs.
Other
Frameworks
---------------------
There are some more Python web frameworks for
general use. Here is the list:
1)
CubicWeb
It is an interesting framework which is
totally different from all the others mentioned above. It is part of the
semantic web, which W3C describes as "a common framework that allows data
to be shared and reused through applications, businesses and community
boundaries".
In simple terms, it is a framework that
attempts to represent data in a way that is easier for computers to understand.
It replaces MVC's Model and Views part with a unique concept: the data cube
that can be used to build other components, something like Docker for the web.
2)
Tornado
It is a Python framework specifically designed
to solve the C10k problem i.e. it can handle more than 10,000 concurrent
connections if configured correctly using asynchronous I / O. This gives it a
strong attraction for projects that require high performance and tens of thousands
of concurrent users.
3)
Falcon
It is a microframework that tries to create
API in the cloud. Like other micro frameworks, it keeps dependencies to a
minimum and avoids magical characteristics. Unlike other frameworks, however,
it is not designed to serve HTML pages. Instead, it's to build fast RESTFULL
APIs.
Conclusion:
So far we have seen a complete list of Python
web frameworks which would surely be beneficial for upcoming businesses in
2018. After knowing about their advantages and disadvantages, you can take a
better decision and can select the best one for your project. However, GitHub
repo(https://github.com/mattmakai/compare-python-web-frameworks) also contains
the same app written in a host of different frameworks.
If you need any assistance related to Python web development or cross
platform mobile app development, you can contact us. We are a leading Python development company in India & USA engaged in providing feature packed,
secure and scalable web and mobile apps across all business verticals through
our Python developers.
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